What process includes gathering vital physiological metrics such as temperature and pulse?

Gathering vital physiological metrics such as temperature and pulse is specifically referred to as vital signs measurement. This process involves assessing key indicators of a patient's health, which reflect the body's basic functions and can indicate the presence of health issues. Vital signs typically include temperature, pulse, respiration rate, and blood pressure. The measurement of these signs is crucial in clinical practice as they provide immediate, objective data about a patient's health status.

The other options focus on different aspects of the patient assessment process. For example, subjective assessment involves gathering information from the patient's perspective about their symptoms or feelings, which is not standardized or measurable like vital signs. Diagnostic testing refers to procedures used to identify health conditions, such as blood tests or imaging, rather than routine monitoring of physiological metrics. History taking includes asking about a patient's medical history, lifestyle, and other contextual information but does not encompass the direct measurement of vital signs. Therefore, the primary process for gathering vital physiological metrics is aptly named vital signs measurement.