Which condition is characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine?

Scoliosis is a condition marked by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, resulting in a sideways bend that can occur in an 'S' or 'C' shape. This curvature can develop during growth spurts, often in childhood or adolescence, and can lead to various complications, such as discomfort and postural issues. It may also result in uneven shoulders or hips, which can affect a person's balance and overall physical health.

Understanding the nature of scoliosis is important because it distinguishes it from other spinal conditions. For instance, lordosis refers to an exaggerated inward curve of the lower back, while kyphosis denotes an abnormal outward curve of the upper back. A herniated disk, on the other hand, involves the displacement of intervertebral disc material, typically leading to pain rather than a defined curvature of the spine. Recognizing these distinctions aids in proper diagnosis and treatment planning for spinal disorders.